ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS IN THE SYSTEM OF ECONOMIC SECURITY OF ENTERPRISES

Abstract

Modern enterprises operate under conditions of growing environmental risks that significantly affect the economic security and determine the urgent need for new management approaches. The article examines the conceptual and methodological approaches to interpreting environmental risks and substantiates the necessity of their systemic integration into the framework of enterprise economic security. Using the case of the Northern, Central, and Ingulets Mining and Processing Plants, a comprehensive statistical analysis of the main environmental indicators: energy consumption, pollutant emissions, CO₂ emissions, wastewater discharges, and hazardous waste generation was carried out. The obtained results revealed substantial differences in volatility and variability of indicators, which directly determine the levels of threats for eco-economic stability. The application of methods of exponential smoothing, variance and standard deviation calculations, as well as simulation modeling through the Monte Carlo method, enabled the definition of predictive boundaries for environmental indicators and identification of critical parameters affecting enterprise security. The originality of the research lies in combining quantitative risk assessment with scenario-based forecasting, which expands the toolkit of environmental and economic security management. The results emphasize the urgent necessity of production decarbonization, modernization of waste utilization systems, improvement of wastewater treatment, and implementation of adaptive strategies for risk minimization. This integrated approach ensures that enterprises can proactively address environmental challenges while maintaining economic stability. By prioritizing sustainable practices, companies can enhance their resilience and competitiveness in an increasingly uncertain global market. Consequently, environmental risk assessment should become a core element of enterprise security policy, ensuring long-term sustainability, resilience to external shocks, and competitiveness under conditions of ecological and economic uncertainty.