INTERNATIONAL ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC EXPERIENCE IN IMPLEMENTATION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN FORESTRY

Abstract

The article explores the increasing role of information technologies in forestry, highlighting the integration of advanced technologies such as Geographic Information Systems, remote sensing, Global Positioning Systems, blockchain, and big data analytics in forest management. These technologies have revolutionized forestry practices by providing precise data on forest resources and enabling real-time monitoring and decision-making. Key areas of information technologies integration into forestry include Geographic Information Systems for mapping forest areas, ecosystem analysis, and monitoring land-use changes, remote sensing for detecting deforestation and assessing forest health, and digital platforms for resource management. The Internet of Things is also used for monitoring environmental factors like humidity and temperature through sensor networks, while machine learning algorithms support modeling and forecasting of forest ecosystem changes, such as fire risks, pests, and diseases. Countries such as Canada and the United States have been pioneers in applying Geographic Information Systems and remote sensing technologies for forest inventory and management. In the U.S., these technologies are employed in wildfire management, using real-time data and AI models to predict fire behavior and allocate resources efficiently. In Europe, Finland and Sweden utilize Light Detection and Ranging and UAVs for forest inventory and biodiversity monitoring, while AI and machine learning processes large datasets to predict tree growth and forest degradation. Countries like Australia and Indonesia have adopted UAVs for forest monitoring, enabling the detection of illegal logging activities and post-fire recovery. Big data analytics is crucial in addressing climate change, pest outbreaks, and market fluctuations, helping countries optimize forest management strategies. The integration of information technologies in forestry offers numerous advantages, including enhanced data accuracy, real-time monitoring, and better decision-making. However, challenges such as high costs, the need for skilled professionals, and infrastructure limitations in remote regions remain. Despite these obstacles, the potential of information technologies in fostering sustainable forestry management remains significant. In conclusion, information technology integration in forestry holds great promise, with emerging technologies like AI, the Internet of Things, and blockchain poised to revolutionize forest management. International collaboration and the sharing of knowledge will be key to overcoming challenges and maximizing the benefits of these technologies for sustainable forestry.