BANKING SYSTEM OF THE USA

Abstract

Purpose – development of theoretical and methodological positions and practical recommendations on the research of the banking system and the United States. Methodology of research. The basis of the research work assigned as general (analysis, observation) - for studying of monetary and credit systems the United States, and special methods of knowledge - for research of the process of formation and development of the banking systems. Findings. The study found that the monetary system of the United States has two levels. The first level is the Federal Reserve, and the second level – commercial banks and non-bank financial institutions. The US Federal Reserve is responsible for implementing monetary policy, maintaining liquidity, reliability and stability of the banking system, is involved in the maintenance and regulation of the payment system of the country, that acts governing body of the banking system. Commercial banks are divided into universal and specialized. Established that a key role in banking system played Regional US banks. The activities of credit institutions regulated by a separate law of each state in particular. Originality. Proved that the development of the US banking system, as in other developed countries, was due to legal and institutional changes in the banking, formed in the process of historical development. The basic directions of research the US banking system, because this experience can be helpful in improving the domestic banking system. Practical value of the results of the study is that the experience of the banking system and the US may be asked to consider and use in the banking sector of our country, which will facilitate its effective development, especially in crisis situations.