INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY IN THE US AND ITS IMPACT ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Abstract
This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the intellectual property (IP) system in the United States and its impact on economic growth, innovation, and the development of high-tech industries. The relevance of this study lies in the fact that IP serves as a strategic tool for stimulating scientific and technological progress, commercializing scientific research, supporting startups and small and medium-sized enterprises, and creating competitive advantages in the global market. A comprehensive methodological approach was applied, combining an analysis of legal and regulatory frameworks, judicial practice, economic and statistical assessment, a comparative review of international experience, and a systematic analysis of innovation policy. Particular attention was paid to the works of O. Likhota on the role of IP in modern economies, particularly in the context of technology commercialization, licensing, and technology transfer. In addition, a SWOT analysis and an assessment of the effectiveness of legal and economic mechanisms were conducted to identify the main strengths and weaknesses of the existing system and to determine directions for its improvement. The study’s findings indicate that the U.S. IP system is highly effective, multi-tiered, and functionally integrated into the national innovation economy. It provides reliable protection of rights, stimulates investment in research and development, fosters the growth of high-tech clusters, and accelerates the commercialization of innovations. The study highlights the importance of the international integration of the U.S. IP system, the promotion of global IP protection standards, and the provision of competitive advantages for U.S. companies abroad. This experience can be applied to adapt legislation and institutional mechanisms in developing countries, particularly in Ukraine. The practical value of this study lies in its applicability to the development of effective strategies for state regulation of innovation activities and IP systems, the development of mechanisms for commercializing scientific and technical developments, and support for startups and SMEs
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