METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO ASSESSING THE EFFICIENCY OF FINANCING SERVICE MAINTENANCE OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES

Abstract

The article explores the theoretical and methodological principles and practical aspects of assessing the effectiveness of financing service provision for agricultural enterprises in an unstable external environment, seasonality of production, increasing resource constraints and increased management risks. It is substantiated that service provision in modern agricultural production should be considered as a strategic factor in ensuring the continuity of the technological process, the reliability of technical systems, compliance with agro-technological deadlines, reducing operating losses and maintaining the financial stability of enterprises. It is determined that traditional approaches to assessing the effectiveness of financing, based on profitability indicators, payback period, NPV, IRR and individual liquidity ratios, do not fully take into account the specifics of the agricultural sector and the peculiarities of service processes. In this regard, an integrated methodological approach is proposed, which combines cost, performance, risk and cost-time blocks of assessment. Key indicators for each block are systematized, allowing for a comprehensive assessment of the adequacy and structure of financing, the economic and production return on service costs, the impact on risk reduction, and the long-term effect taking into account the time value of money. The formation of an integral indicator of the effectiveness of service financing is proposed, which allows analyzing possible options for alternative financing models, in particular self-financing, bank lending, leasing, commodity credit, service contracts with deferred payment, and combined mechanisms. An algorithm for comprehensive diagnostics of the effectiveness of service financing is developed, covering a sequence of stages from identifying financing objects and forming an information base, to scenario comparison of alternatives and making management decisions. The practical significance of the proposed approach lies in the possibility of increasing the return on service costs, minimizing unproductive losses, optimizing the structure of financing sources, and strengthening the financial stability of agricultural enterprises.