MODERN APPROACHES TO THE STUDY OF THE CONCEPT OF ENERGY TRANSITION
Abstract
The article presents a systemic analysis of scientific approaches to interpreting the concept of “energy transition.” Existing definitions are generalized, and conceptual differences in their understanding are identified. The synthesis of various sources made it possible to systematize three main approaches to defining the energy transition. From the institutional perspective, it is considered a strategically managed process of structural transformation of the energy sector, implemented through state policy mechanisms and international regulations to achieve climate neutrality, energy security, and sustainable development. From the practical perspective, the energy transition is understood as a comprehensive set of long-term measures aimed at reducing the use of fossil fuels, expanding the share of renewable energy sources, increasing energy efficiency, and introducing economically justified decarbonization mechanisms. From the scientific perspective, it appears as a multi-level and non-linear process of transformation of the socio-technical energy system, encompassing technological, institutional, market, and behavioral changes. To assess the evolution of the intensity of scientific research, a bibliometric analysis of publications indexed in the Scopus database (for the period 2005-2025) was carried out using VOSviewer software. This analysis allowed the identification of the main scientific clusters, research development trends, and international scientific linkages in energy transition studies, and confirmed the growing scientific interest in this topic and its interdisciplinary nature. The obtained results expand the discourse in the field of energy transition, taking into account institutional and scientific approaches to defining its key drivers, while also highlighting current trends and directions for the development of scientific research in this area. Furthermore, the findings offer a foundation for future studies and the design of evidence-based policies that can support a more efficient and socially inclusive transition toward low-carbon energy systems.
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