PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE APPLICATION OF THE EXPORT SECURITY REGIME

Abstract

The state of foreign trade directly depends on the regulation of exports and imports of goods. In recent years, export volumes have decreased significantly, which has led to imports exceeding exports by two times. The study found that Ukraine applies tariff and non-tariff export regulation measures, which are primarily applied to agricultural products, which make up the largest share in the volume of Ukrainian export supplies. It was found that limited settlement deadlines are applied specifically for some types of agricultural products in foreign economic activity transactions. It was found that the presence of tariff regulation of exports largely limits the ability of exporters to compete with their products in foreign markets. It was determined that an important advantage for exporters is the possibility of obtaining VAT refunds due to the application of a zero VAT rate during exports. The advantages and disadvantages of the export guarantee regime for export products are substantiated. It was found that the list of goods subject to the export guarantee regime is not economically justified, since some commodity items make up a small proportion of the volume of exports of goods under the export guarantee regime. The inconsistency of the permitted terms of supply of goods under Incoterms in the regulatory legal acts of the executive authorities of Ukraine has been proven. It was found that the minimum allowable export prices under the export guarantee regime may not always correlate with prices that comply with the “arm’s length” principle under the transfer pricing rules. It was proven that exporters have an additional tax burden on VAT payment in the event of receiving foreign exchange earnings from exports below 80%. It was found that exporters have additional costs for drawing up tax invoices during customs clearance for commodity items subject to the export guarantee regime. It was established that there are additional costs for the exporter to confirm the status of a VAT payer when obtaining a phytosanitary certificate. Proposals for resolving existing problems of the export support regime are substantiated.