ECONOMIC THOUGHT AND APPLIED ANALYTICS: INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT AND HISTORICAL ORIGINS

Abstract

The article reveals the comprehensive significance of historical and contemporary factors in shaping Ukraine’s economic policy, which allows for assessing economic dynamics in the context of international processes. It has been established that Ukraine’s integration into the union economic system created an extensive model of management, which limited innovative development and increased dependence on foreign markets, resulting in the inertial nature of economic growth during the first decades of independence. It has been ascertained that contemporary challenges of post-war recovery require a transition to a new model of industrialization focused on technological modernization, development of domestic added value, and formation of competitive production chains. It is emphasized that the combination of historical experience and applied economic analytics enables more accurate forecasting of GDP trends and foreign trade activities, revealing structural imbalances and the necessity for economic model transformation. It is underlined that changes in export structure from metallurgical and industrial to agricultural dominance, combined with high import dependence, highlight the need to develop domestic technological production. It is stated that effective utilization of financial resources, coordinated monetary and fiscal policy, as well as support for innovation and small and medium-sized enterprises, create conditions for economic stabilization and Ukraine’s integration into global production and financial chains. It is determined that globalization processes and the development of the experience economy generate new opportunities for productivity growth, while simultaneously exacerbating socio-economic disparities, which underscores the necessity of a comprehensive integrative approach to national economic modernization. It is noted that the transition to an innovative model of economic development implies the creation of conditions for technological renewal of production chains, development of domestic added value, and ensuring international competitiveness. It has been established that implementing a comprehensive approach, combining historical analysis, modern analytical methods, and state initiatives, forms a logical foundation for sustainable economic growth and enhancing the country’s competitiveness in the global environment.