FEATURES OF THE CREATION OF "DRY PORTS" IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to study the experience of the USA regarding the peculiarities of the creation of "dry ports" and to study the role of state authorities in this process. To achieve the goal, the following methods were used: induction and deduction, theoretical generalization, abstraction, dialectical cognition - when studying scientific sources and researching the theoretical aspects of the peculiarities of the creation and functioning of "dry ports", determining the categorical apparatus of the investigated issues; abstract-logical – for summarizing theoretical propositions, forming conclusions and proposals on the topic of research. It was determined that "Dry Ports" in the USA are one of the most important infrastructural facilities of land transport and an integral part of the national integrated transport system, which cause a significant impact on both the national and regional economies. The main legislative act of the USA, which regulates the creation and operation of "dry ports", namely the law "On the efficiency of intermodal land transport" of 1991 and the Act on the administration of an inland port (state of Nevada) is analyzed. It was revealed that usually "dry ports" in the USA are created at the initiative of a consortium of private and public structures that are interested in the development of the logistics infrastructure of an individual state. The sources of financing for the creation of "dry ports", namely the regional infrastructure development programs of the Department of Transportation of the United States of America: TIFIA, RRIF, RAISE, were studied. In the course of the study, it was determined that at the initial stages of the creation of inland ports in the United States, the leading role is played by local authorities, which apply for financing for the development of logistics infrastructure (programs, grants, etc.), deal with the regulatory and legal settlement of issues of the creation of inland ports, allocate land plots or provide financing for their purchase, carries out competitive selection and appointment of members of the Inland Port Administration. The study of the international experience of the peculiarities of the creation and functioning of intermodal infrastructure objects has gained further development. The main provisions of this study can be used in the process of developing proposals for improving the procedure for creating "dry ports" in Ukraine.