THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE FUNCTIONING OF UKRAINIAN FARMS
Abstract
Purpose. The aim of the article is the development of theoretical, methodological and practical recommendations on the functioning of Ukrainian farms. Methodology of research. The following methods are used in the process of research: statistical analysis – to study the dynamics and structure of the development of farms; comparison – to analyze the current state and development trends; monographic – for the study of production and economic activities of farms; abstract and logical – for the formulation of conclusions. Findings. The term “farm” is concretized as a legally and economically independent type of agrarian business, which is recognized as a business entity, which is organized by a single citizen and members of his household who mainly produces commodity production of agricultural products on the basis of the effective use of the resource potential. It is established that the development of farms in modern conditions contributes to the creation of additional workplaces, the revival of abandoned rural settlements. It is determined that the creation and development of farming in Ukraine is not only a way to solve the food problem, but the necessary direction of formation of market relations in the agrarian sector of the economy. Originality. The grouping of farms by type of ownership, size and level of marketability of production is carried out. There are two essentially different groups: family labor farms with small areas of agricultural land and low level of marketability and highly concentrated farms of entrepreneurial type, which are characterized by a high level of commodity production. Practical value. The obtained results of the research show that the farm has a number of advantages, due to its relatively small size, family basis. It does not require special control and accounting for the use of labor, and therefore does not require a cumbersome and expensive accounting and control unit. The combination of both functions represented by farmer worker, manager and owner ensures efficient use of land, the maximum consideration of production conditions, rapid response to market conditions.
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