NATURAL AND CLIMATIC CONDITIONS AS A RISK FACTOR FOR AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN UKRAINE

Abstract

Purpose. The aim of the article is the development of practical recommendations for the adaptation of agricultural enterprises to climate change in Ukraine as a means of reducing the risk of agricultural production. Methodology of research. The following methods of scientific knowledge are used in the process of research: logical and analytical methods, in particular methods of analogy and comparison, induction and deduction, scientific abstraction – for theoretical generalization, clarification of the conceptual apparatus on the problem, formulation of conclusions; method of expert assessments – in determining the factors of climate risks of an agricultural enterprise and conducting an assessment of the effectiveness of the risk management system; linear programming method – for predicting climatic risk. Findings. It is determined that global warming in Ukraine in the coming years will have both a positive and a negative impact on agriculture. It has been established that this influence will be uneven in different agricultural climatic zones, in particular: increasing the length of the growing season in the northern part of the country will be positive for agriculture in the southern part of the country; on the contrary, it will lead to an increase in droughts. It is foreseen that the consequences of climate change are inevitable not only for the main crops, but also for horticulture, viticulture in Ukraine. It is proposed to develop effective measures for the leveling of climatic risks. Originality. It is proved that climate change is a real danger for Ukraine in the field of instability of agricultural production. It is substantiated that in order to minimize the risks of farming, especially in unstable climatic zones, new methods and approaches are needed for the management of the state of land resources, in particular soil fertility, optimization of productivity of cultivated crops with concrete proposals that, how, where and when technologies to grow agricultural products. Practical value. The obtained results of the research on determining the impact of climate change on agriculture are aimed at substantiation of an adequate strategy of business entities in the context of climate change, which includes: at the level of agricultural enterprises – conducting: diversification of agricultural production, introduction of the latest technologies; development of measures for the effective use of resource potential; at the regional level – development of measures for the formation of regional insurance funds for compensation of losses as a result of unfavorable weather conditions; working with scientists to develop practical recommendations for the adaptation of agricultural producers to climate change; at the level of state authorities – development of a system of measures of an economic nature, aimed at leveling the impact of natural and climatic risks on the activities of agribusiness entities, etc.