DIGITALIZATION OF PUBLIC FINANCE IN THE CONTEXT OF ENSURING UKRAINE’S ECONOMIC SECURITY
Abstract
The article is devoted to the analysis of the development of digital finance in the context of strengthening the economic security of the state. It reveals the evolution of financial technologies from the computerization of the 1980s to modern central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) and fintech solutions. It has been determined that digital finance is shaping new architectonics of the financial system, in which innovation, blockchain technologies, big data, and mobile platforms play a leading role. Particular attention is paid to the e-hryvnia, the digital currency of the National Bank of Ukraine, which, in accordance with the Law of Ukraine “On Payment Services,” is defined as an electronic form of the state’s monetary unit. It is emphasized that the e-hryvnia has the potential to increase monetary sovereignty, reduce cash circulation, strengthen confidence in the financial system, and promote the digital integration of the economy. According to international platforms CoinLaw and Cryptopolitan, more than 130 countries around the world are already implementing CBDC pilot or research projects, covering about 98% of global GDP. The main factors underlying this trend are the desire to expand financial inclusion, minimize transaction costs, increase the transparency of settlements, and prevent risks associated with private cryptocurrencies. The article highlights the results of the digitalization of public finances through the creation of the Prozorro and E-Data platforms, which have ensured the transparency of the budget process, reduced corruption risks, and increased public control. The growth of cashless transactions has been analyzed: in 2024, their share reached 94.6% in terms of number and 64.5% in terms of amount of all transactions with payment cards, which indicates the economy’s readiness for digital financial practices. Monobank has become an illustrative example of successful fintech development, serving over 10 million customers in 2025 and demonstrating a high level of user trust in digital services. At the same time, the author emphasizes that the growth in the share of online transactions is accompanied by new threats to financial stability, in particular cyberattacks, fraud, and abuse of digital assets. The implementation of the Cybersecurity Strategy of Ukraine for 2021-2025 and the modernization of data protection systems are becoming key conditions for the resilience of the financial infrastructure. It has been concluded that digital finance, integrated into national economic development strategies, is not only a manifestation of technological progress, but also the foundation of economic security, financial stability, and long-term growth of the state.
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