SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPERATIVES OF STATE SUPPORT FOR SECURITY OF HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT
Abstract
The article explores the concept of the security-based development of human capital in the context of public funding. It substantiates the existence of a direct relationship between the volume of government investments in key sectors – particularly education, healthcare, and social protection – and the level of human capital development in a country. It is established that systematic and targeted funding contributes to the improvement of indicators such as literacy rate, life expectancy, labor productivity, and the population’s innovative capacity, which collectively form the foundation of a competitive national economy. The experience of countries with a high level of social welfare – such as Sweden, Norway, Denmark, and Singapore – is analyzed, demonstrating the effectiveness of substantial state investments in human capital, as evidenced by sustained socio-economic growth, sustainable development, and high positions in international rankings. At the same time, attention is drawn to the academic debate on defining optimal investment intervals, as both excessive and insufficient funding may lead to adverse outcomes, including inefficient resource use or limited development opportunities in the medium and long term. Taking into account the economic, demographic, and social characteristics of countries, the necessity of establishing investment intervals is substantiated, considering such factors as the state's economic capacity, the age structure of the population, fiscal stability, the efficiency of fund utilization, and social priorities. The article presents analytical conclusions and proposals that may be used in the development of public policy on investment in human capital, aimed at ensuring its sustainable and security-oriented development in the face of contemporary challenges. Further research should focus on developing methodological approaches to optimizing investment volumes in human capital, establishing a system of indicators for assessing funding efficiency, and analyzing cross-national experiences under conditions of global transformations.
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