FINANCIAL INCLUSION OF SMALL BUSINESSES AS A FACTOR OF ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY AND SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
Abstract
The article reveals the theoretical and methodological foundations of financial inclusion of small businesses as a multidimensional economic phenomenon, encompassing access to financial resources, digital interaction with financial institutions, financial literacy of entrepreneurs and their ability to attract innovative forms of financing. It is determined that in the conditions of modern transformations, financial inclusion of small businesses acts not only as a means of supporting solvency and business functioning, but also as a factor in the formation of economic stability, reducing vulnerability to external shocks and increasing the level of social responsibility. It is established that financial inclusion of small businesses has not only an economic, but also an institutional and social dimension, associated with the possibility of ensuring equal conditions for access to finance for all categories of entrepreneurs, including socially vulnerable groups. The current state of financial inclusion of small businesses in Ukraine was analyzed, and the presence of structural barriers was identified: the high cost of loans, the complexity of procedures for accessing preferential financing, the limited development of the non-bank financial sector, the uneven level of digital financial readiness, and the insufficient level of financial culture among entrepreneurs. The main challenges of digital transformation in the field of inclusive financing were identified: technological inequality, insufficient accessibility of electronic financial services in rural areas, as well as cyber risks and information vulnerability of users. The tools for increasing the financial inclusion of small businesses were systematized: the development of preferential lending programs, the introduction of state guarantee mechanisms, the digitalization of access to financial products, the stimulation of alternative financing (crowdfunding, microcredit, leasing), as well as the creation of educational and consulting platforms to increase the financial literacy of entrepreneurs. As a result, financial inclusion of small businesses is identified as an important component of a sustainable economy, capable of providing wider access to resources, increasing the adaptability of the business environment, stimulating innovation, and forming the foundations of socially oriented entrepreneurship.
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