THE FORMATION OF “SILVER” AND CROSS-CULTURAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP: GENDER AND AGE ASPECTS OF THE SOCIAL CAPITAL INSTITUTE
Abstract
The qualitative development of the institution of social capital is important in times of war and post-war economic recovery of the country. The formation and development of “silver” and cross-cultural entrepreneurship are components of the economic reconstruction of Ukraine, ensuring employment of the population and economic activity of the country. The purpose of the article is to determine the main aspects of the formation of “silver” business and cross-cultural entrepreneurship, to determine their characteristic features, to present the actualization of social values, gender, age, mental, and cultural aspects. To achieve the specified goal, the work used methods of analysis and synthesis, grouping, generalization, and comparison, which allowed for a comprehensive study of scientific achievements on the issues of inclusive development of “silver” and cross-cultural business. The article substantiates the place and role of the institution of social capital in the formation of “silver” and cross-cultural entrepreneurship. The determinants of the development of these types of business are indicated. The authors offered their own understanding of cross-cultural entrepreneurship, noting that in this type of entrepreneurship, employees must take into account the fact that behavior and compliance with business rules may vary, and in cross-cultural entrepreneurship it is necessary to apply a flexible approach to business management and take into account current situations, possible constant changes. The gender and inclusive components of opening a cross-cultural and “silver” business are considered. The chain of interaction of the key components of the process of developing a “silver” business and cross-cultural entrepreneurship is presented. The practical value of the study lies in emphasizing that the inclusive development of cross-cultural entrepreneurship is achieved through expanding cooperation, strengthening the institution of corporate and interpersonal trust, and eliminating ethnic conflicts. The need for social mobility for older people has become apparent.
References
Bakker R. M., McMullen J. S. (2023) Inclusive entrepreneurship: A call for a shared theoretical conversation about unconventional entrepreneurs. Journal of Business Venturing, vol. 38, is. 1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2022.106268
Barkoviс Bojaniс I., Erceg A., Damoska Sekuloska J. (2024) Silver entrepreneurship: A golden opportunity for ageing society. Economics and Business Review, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 153–178. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18559/ebr.2024.1.1068
Bullough A., Guelich U., Manolova T.S., Schjoedt L. (2022) Women’s entrepreneurship and culture: gender role expectations and identities, societal culture, and the entrepreneurial environment. Small Business Economics, vol. 58, pp. 985–996. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-020-00429-6
Cannon T. (2008) Silver entrepreneurship: new days, new ways. Working with Older People, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 30–33. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/13663666200800029
Castillo-Palacio M., Batista-Canino R. M., Zuniga-Collazos A. (2017) The relationship between culture and entrepreneurship: From cultural dimensions of GLOBE project. Espacios, vol. 38, no. 34. Available at: https://revistaespacios.com/a17v38n34/a17v38n34p12.pdf
Dobreva N., Ivanov S. (2020) Cultural entrepreneurship: A review of the literature. Tourism & Management Studies, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 23–34. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18089/tms.2020.160402
Engelen A., Heinemann F., Brettel M. (2009) Cross-cultural entrepreneurship research: Current status and framework for future studies. Journal of International Entrepreneurship, vol. 7, pp. 163–189. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10843-008-0035-5
Ferreira N.C.M.Q.F., Dinis A.R.L. (2024) Linking national culture and entrepreneurship: a systematic literature review. Management Decision, vol. ahead-of-print, no. ahead-of-print. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-11-2023-2104
Gannon B., Roberts J. (2020) Social capital: exploring the theory and empirical divide. Empirical Economics, vol. 58, no. 4, pp. 899–919. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00181-018-1556-y
Greco F., Tregua M., Carignani F., Bifulco F. (2022) Silver entrepreneurship: a new trend in startups. Sinergie. Italian Journal of Management. Silver Economy: challenges and opportunities for an aging world, vol. 40, no. 3, pp. 123–148. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7433/s119.2022.06
Ilczuk D., Dopierala L., Bednarz J. (2023). What are the real motivations and experiences of silver entrepreneurs? Empirical evidence from Poland. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management, and Innovation, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 129–167. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7341/20231934
Karambakuwa J. K., Bayat S.M. (2022) The role of incubation hubs in social inclusion. Academy of Entrepreneurship Journal, vol. 28, no. S5, pp. 1–18. Available at: https://www.abacademies.org/articles/the-role-of-incubation-hubs-in-social-inclusion-14757.html
Lyua Ch., Penga C., Yangb H., Lia H., Guc X. (2022) Social capital and innovation performance of digital firms: Serial mediation effect of cross-border knowledge search and absorptive capacity. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, vol. 7, is. 2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2022.100187
Sarhan M. L., Ab. Aziz K. (2023) Can inclusive entrepreneurialism be a solution for unemployed female graduates? A Study on Inclusive Entrepreneurial Intention. Social Sciences, vol. 12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci12030151
Sreejith P.M., Sreejith S. (2023) Exploring the Role of Cultural Capital, ICT Skills, and Entrepreneurial Self-efficacy in Shaping Entrepreneurial Intention among Women. Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 151–179. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18080/jtde.v11n2.711
Ute S. (2022) Cross-cultural innovation and entrepreneurship. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, vol. 9, pp. 277–308. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-012420-091040
Woolcock M., Narayan D. (2020) Social capital: implications for development theory, research, and policy (English). Washington DC: World Bank, vol. 1. Available at: http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/961231468336675195
Wu B. (2018) From individual social capital to collective social capital: empirical evidence from inter-firm financing trust network. The Journal of Chinese Sociology, vol. 5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40711-018-0088-3
Zhukovska A. Yu. (2020) Naukovi determinanty inkliuzyvnoho pidpryiemnytstva [Scientific determinants of inclusive entrepreneurship]. Visnyk KhNU imeni V.N. Karazina. Seriia “Mizhnarodni vidnosyny. Ekonomika. Krainoznavstvo. Turyzm” – The Journal of V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. Series: International Relations. Economics. Country Studies. Tourism, vol. 12, pp. 113–120. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26565/2310-9513-2020-12-11 (in Ukrainian)
Kraus K. M., Kraus N. M., Kyryliuk Ye. M. (2024) Pidpryiemnytstvo. Industriia. Ekonomika: imperatyvy instytutsionalnykh zmin ta fenomenolohiia tsyfrovoi transformatsii [Entrepreneurship. Industry. Economy: Imperatives of Institutional Change and Phenomenology of Digital Transformation]: monograph. Poltava: PP “Astraya”. 320 p. (in Ukrainian)
Kraus K. M., Kraus N. M., Maslov A. O. (2020) Sotsialne pidpryiemnytstvo kriz pryzmu sotsialnykh innovatsii v umovakh yevrointehratsii ta hlobalnoi konverhentsii [Social entrepreneurship through the prism of social innovation in the context of European integration and global convergence]. Yevropeiskyi naukovyi zhurnal Ekonomichnykh ta Finansovykh innovatsii – European scientific journal of Economic and Financial innovation, vol. 2(12), pp. 4–20. DOI: http://doi.org/10.32750/2023-0201 (in Ukrainian)
Bakker R.M., McMullen J.S. Inclusive entrepreneurship: A call for a shared theoretical conversation about unconventional entrepreneurs. Journal of Business Venturing. 2023. Vol. 38. Is. 1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2022.106268
Barkoviс Bojaniс I., Erceg A., Damoska Sekuloska J. Silver entrepreneurship: A golden opportunity for ageing society. Economics and Business Review. 2024. Vol. 10. No. 1. P. 153–178. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18559/ebr.2024.1.1068
Bullough A., Guelich U., Manolova T.S., Schjoedt L. Women’s entrepreneurship and culture: gender role expectations and identities, societal culture, and the entrepreneurial environment. Small Business Economics. 2022. Vol. 58. P. 985–996. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-020-00429-6
Cannon T. Silver entrepreneurship: new days, new ways. Working with Older People. 2008. Vol. 12. No. 2. P. 30–33. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/13663666200800029
Castillo-Palacio M., Batista-Canino R.M., Zuniga-Collazos A. The relationship between culture and entrepreneurship: From cultural dimensions of GLOBE project. Espacios. 2017. Vol. 38. No. 34. URL: https://revistaespacios.com/a17v38n34/a17v38n34p12.pdf (дата звернення: 11.03.2025).
Dobreva N., Ivanov S. Cultural entrepreneurship: A review of the literature. Tourism & Management Studies. 2020. Vol. 16. No. 4. P. 23–34. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18089/tms.2020.160402
Engelen A., Heinemann F., Brettel M. Cross-cultural entrepreneurship research: Current status and framework for future studies. Journal of International Entrepreneurship. 2009. Vol. 7. P. 163–189. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10843-008-0035-5
Ferreira N.C.M.Q.F., Dinis A.R.L. Linking national culture and entrepreneurship: a systematic literature review. Management Decision. 2024. Vol. ahead-of-print. No. ahead-of-print. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-11-2023-2104
Gannon B., Roberts J. Social capital: exploring the theory and empirical divide. Empirical Economics. 2020. Vol. 58. No. 4. P. 899–919. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00181-018-1556-y
Greco F., Tregua M., Carignani F., Bifulco F. Silver entrepreneurship: a new trend in startups. Sinergie. Italian Journal of Management. Silver Economy: challenges and opportunities for an aging world. 2022. Vol. 40. No. 3. P. 123–148. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7433/s119.2022.06
Ilczuk D., Dopierala L., Bednarz J. What are the real motivations and experiences of silver entrepreneurs? Empirical evidence from Poland. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management, and Innovation. 2023. Vol. 19. No. 3. P. 129–167. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7341/20231934
Karambakuwa J.K., Bayat S.M. The role of incubation hubs in social inclusion. Academy of Entrepreneurship Journal. 2022. Vol. 28. No. S5. pp. 1–18. URL: https://www.abacademies.org/articles/the-role-of-incubation-hubs-in-social-inclusion-14757.html (дата звернення: 12.03.2025).
Lyua Ch., Penga C., Yangb H., Lia H., Guc X. Social capital and innovation performance of digital firms: Serial mediation effect of cross-border knowledge search and absorptive capacity. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge. 2022. Vol. 7. Is. 2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2022.100187
Sarhan M.L., Ab. Aziz K. Can inclusive entrepreneurialism be a solution for unemployed female graduates? A Study on Inclusive Entrepreneurial Intention. Social Sciences. 2023. Vol. 12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci12030151
Sreejith P.M., Sreejith S. Exploring the Role of Cultural Capital, ICT Skills, and Entrepreneurial Self-efficacy in Shaping Entrepreneurial Intention among Women. Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy. 2023. Vol. 11. No. 2. P. 151–179. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18080/jtde.v11n2.711
Ute S. Cross-cultural innovation and entrepreneurship. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior. 2022. Vol. 9. P. 277–308. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-012420-091040
Woolcock M., Narayan D. Social capital: implications for development theory, research, and policy (English). Washington DC: World Bank, 2020. Vol. 1. Art. 76649. URL: http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/961231468336675195 (дата звернення: 12.03.2025).
Wu B. From individual social capital to collective social capital: empirical evidence from inter-firm financing trust network. The Journal of Chinese Sociology. 2018. Vol. 5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40711-018-0088-3
Жуковська А.Ю. Наукові детермінанти інклюзивного підприємництва. Вісник ХНУ імені В.Н. Каразіна. Серія “Міжнародні відносини. Економіка. Країнознавство. Туризм”. 2020. Вип. 12. С. 113–120. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26565/2310-9513-2020-12-11
Краус К.М., Краус Н.М., Кирилюк Є.М. Підприємництво. Індустрія. Економіка: імперативи інституціональних змін та феноменологія цифрової трансформації: монографія. Полтава : ПП “Астрая”, 2024. 320 с.
Краус К.М., Краус Н.М., Маслов А.О. Соціальне підприємництво крізь призму соціальних інновацій в умовах євроінтеграції та глобальної конвергенції. Європейський науковий журнал Економічних та Фінансових інновацій. 2020. Вип. 2(12). С. 4–20. DOI: http://doi.org/10.32750/2023-0201
