FORMING PROSPECTS FOR THE WORLD BIFUEL MARKET IN THE CONTEXT OF DECARBONIZATION AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Abstract

Large-scale climate change is increasingly leading to rising global temperatures, an increase in the number and scale of natural disasters, catastrophes, floods, droughts in the summer and other negative manifestations. According to authoritative international organizations in the field of climate research, 2024 was the warmest year since 1850, while it is also indicated that the last ten years have been the warmest ten years in the entire history of climate observations. In the context of sustainable development and decarbonization, the most important task for the global economy is the development of renewable energy sources, in particular bioenergy, which already occupies a significant position in the global economy. It is indicated that the total consumption of bioenergy on the planet in 2023 was approximately 60 Ej, while biomass such as wood, coal and other solid bioenergy accounts for about a third of the total, and modern bioenergy occupies the remaining share. In the process of decarbonization, the role of transport biofuels is increasing significantly. Biogas can be converted into biomethane and used as a replacement for natural gas, as well as act as a dispatch source of electricity. It is indicated that such extremely important for the global economy areas of transport as marine ocean shipping and aviation cannot be transferred in the near future to any other type of renewable fuel, except for biodiesel and sustainable aviation fuel, respectively, which makes these two types of biofuels possess a key unique property. It is noted that the role of biofuels as a renewable energy source in the global economy will rapidly increase in the future.