COMPREHENSIVE INTEGRATION OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN ENSURING THE RESILIENCE OF MARITIME SUPPLY CHAINS
Abstract
This article presents a comprehensive study of the integration of digital technologies in ensuring the resilience of maritime supply chains, with a particular focus on their systemic and synergistic impact under the conditions of complex network interactions among stakeholders. The research highlights the critical role of maritime logistics systems in global trade, detailing their structure, operational processes, and interdependencies between shippers, carriers, port operators, regulatory authorities, and digital service providers. It emphasizes that resilience in such systems is not achieved through isolated technological adoption but through integrated coordination and real-time data exchange across the entire supply chain. A detailed classification of digital technologies is proposed according to their functional purpose, scope of impact, and type of integration. The categories include: operational and production solutions aimed at streamlining physical processes; analytical tools that support predictive decision-making, scenario modeling, and risk management; integration and coordination platforms enhancing transparency, trust, and interoperability; and vessel-based technologies contributing to navigation safety and operational efficiency. The article analyzes global best practices in implementing IoT, AI, Big Data, blockchain, PCS, and digital twin solutions in leading ports such as Rotterdam, Singapore, Hamburg, Antwerp-Bruges, and Pusan, supported by quantitative performance indicators including reductions in CO₂ emissions, vessel idle times, documentation processing times, and operational costs. An original analytical model is developed to assess the synergistic effect of combining technologies, enabling the evaluation of their integrated impact on economic, environmental, operational, and informational dimensions of resilience. The findings reveal that the most significant gains arise when operational, analytical, and coordination technologies are deployed in combination, producing efficiency improvements of 40–50% compared to isolated implementations. At the same time, the study identifies persistent barriers to digital transformation, including fragmented systems, lack of standardized data formats, limited participation of key stakeholders (such as customs authorities and financial institutions), and insufficient digital competencies among port and logistics personnel.
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